Abilify (Aripiprazole): Uses, Side Effects, Dosage

Key Takeaways

• Abilify (aripiprazole) is an atypical antipsychotic prescribed for symptoms of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, depression, and certain related symptoms.
  
• Abilify uses vary by diagnosis, and dosage is personalized based on age, condition, and response to treatment.
  
• Common side effects include restlessness, nausea, and dizziness, and a psychiatric provider can help monitor safety and adjustments.

If you’ve been prescribed Abilify, or you’re researching it as a possible treatment, you likely have questions about what it does and what to expect.

Abilify (aripiprazole) is a prescription mental health medication commonly used to treat bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder (MDD), and it’s sometimes added when other treatments haven’t provided enough relief. As an atypical antipsychotic, Abilify works differently from older medications in this category.

Understanding how Abilify works, its common uses, possible side effects, and dosage considerations can help you feel more confident when discussing treatment options with a healthcare professional.

What is Abilify?

Abilify is an atypical antipsychotic medication that manages both positive and negative symptoms of mental health conditions, with a lower risk of movement disorders compared to older, typical antipsychotics.

It is often chosen for its ability to balance efficacy with a more tolerable side effect profile, making it a preferred option for long-term management.

How does Abilify work?

Abilify helps regulate levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin, which are involved in emotional regulation, including feelings such as happiness, anger, sadness, and anxiety.

This may help reduce symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. For some people, it can also support overall functioning by improving concentration, reducing impulsivity, and making it easier to stay on task.

How does Abilify make you feel?

Some people who take Abilify report feeling calmer, though experiences can vary. Possible side effects include nausea, changes in appetite or weight, headache, or restlessness. When starting treatment, some people may also notice drowsiness or dizziness.

In addition to changes in mood or emotional regulation, some people experience improved concentration while taking Abilify, which can help with day-to-day activities.

If you’re curious about how Abilify might affect you, a mental health care provider can help answer questions and discuss whether it may be an appropriate option.

What is Abilify Used for?

Many people wonder what Abilify is used for. Abilify is an effective medication for various mental health conditions.

“Abilify is indicated and approved for schizophrenia; return of manic and mixed episodes of bipolar; one disorder adjunct treatment for major depressive disorder; autistic disorder irritability symptoms; and Tourette’s disorder.”

– Talkspace psychiatrist Dr. Muhammad Munir

Abilify for bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is characterized by extreme shifts in mood — from manic highs to depressive lows. Abilify has been studied and shown to help stabilize bipolar mood swings by balancing out dopamine and serotonin levels in the brain. In addition, when taken with other medications, Abilify can significantly reduce mania symptoms in more than just one medication alone.

Abilify for depression

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental health condition characterized by sadness, hopelessness, or suicidal thoughts that lasts for weeks or months. Abilify has effectively treated major depressive episodes, especially with antidepressant medications like SSRIs or SNRIs. One clinical trial found that people who took both an antidepressant plus Abilify experienced more significant improvements than those who only took an antidepressant alone.

Abilify for schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental health condition that can involve hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. As per reviews in CNS Drug, Abilify can be an effective treatment option for schizophrenia.

Some studies suggest that combination therapy — adding Abilify to another antipsychotic medication — may help improve both positive and negative symptoms, such as hallucinations, delusions, social withdrawal, or reduced motivation.

A study by BMC Psychiatry found that long-term use of aripiprazole (the active ingredient in Abilify) in people with schizophrenia led to improvements in overall functioning during maintenance treatment.

Combination treatment may also help reduce relapse risk compared to using one medication alone.

Abilify for Tourette syndrome and symptoms related to autism

Tourette syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by involuntary movements called tics. Tics may include facial grimacing, eye blinking, shoulder shrugging, vocalizations, and more. For some people with severe cases, research supports the clinical efficacy of low doses of Abilify and behavioral therapy to treat Tourette syndrome.

Research also suggests that Abilify can be beneficial in reducing irritability associated with an autism spectrum disorder in children aged 6 – 17. It’s now FDA-approved, but due to its potential side effects, it should only be prescribed to pediatric patients after careful consideration between the medical professional and the patient/caregiver.

Off-label uses

While it is commonly used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression, there are several Abilify uses that are off-label, too. Off-label use means a drug is being used in a way not specified in its original FDA approval.

Off-label use of drugs is legal when done under medical supervision and with informed consent from adult patients.

• Borderline personality disorder: One off-label use of Abilify treats borderline personality disorder (BPD). BPD is characterized by unstable moods, impulsive behavior, difficulty regulating emotions, and chaotic relationships with others.
• Drug-induced hyperprolactinemia: Abilify can also be used off-label to treat drug-induced hyperprolactinemia (DIH). DIH occurs when certain medications cause high levels of prolactin — a hormone involved in lactation — to be released into the bloodstream. Symptoms may include menstrual irregularities, infertility issues, headaches, fatigue, and breast enlargement/tenderness/discharge in men and women alike. This condition can be treated effectively with Abilify if other treatments have failed or caused adverse side effects.
• Certain symptoms of autism spectrum disorders: Some physicians may prescribe Abilify off-label to help manage symptoms related to autism spectrum disorders, such as aggression or self-injury behaviors. This is due to its calming effect on neurotransmitters like dopamine, which can reduce agitation and improve focus in people with autism spectrum disorders. Further investigation must be conducted before any definitive conclusions about its efficacy can be drawn.
• Anxiety: Does Abilify help with anxiety? In some cases, Abilify for anxiety may be considered when symptoms are severe or occur alongside other mental health conditions. This use is considered off-label and is typically evaluated carefully by a psychiatric provider based on individual needs and response to treatment.

“Off-label use of this medication addresses some of the residual symptoms of some mood and anxiety disorders. Your psychiatrist would discuss with you the reason for adding that medication with your other prescriptions to address certain severe anxiety symptoms or not responding to ordinary medications.”

– Talkspace psychiatrist Dr. Muhammad Munir

What are the Pros and Cons of Abilify?

Abilify can be effective in treating various mental health conditions, but it also has some potential risks and side effects.

The table below highlights the main pros and cons of Abilify to help you make an informed decision.

What are the Common Side Effects of Abilify?

The most common side effects associated with Abilify include nausea, vomiting, constipation, headache, dizziness, and drowsiness. These symptoms usually disappear quickly as your body adjusts to the medication.

Additional potential side effects, including the risk of an allergic reaction, should be considered before starting treatment.

• Weight gain: Some people may experience Abilify weight gain as a side effect when taking this medication.. If you’re concerned about gaining weight while on Abilify, talk to your doctor about ways to manage it, such as diet and exercise changes or switching medications if necessary.
• Restlessness/agitation: Restlessness or agitation is another possible side effect of taking Abilify, which can cause difficulty sleeping or feeling agitated throughout the day, even when not provoked by anything specific. If you experience restlessness while taking this medication, speak with your doctor immediately. Depending on your symptoms’ severity, they might adjust their dosage or switch medications altogether.
• Tardive dyskinesia: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a severe but rare neurological condition caused by long-term use of antipsychotics like Abilify. TD causes involuntary movements in various body parts such as facial grimacing and tongue thrusting, among other things. TD can be permanent, so if you notice any signs of this adverse reaction, contact your doctor immediately so they can adjust your treatment plan accordingly.
• Sexual dysfunction: Sexual dysfunction, including decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, delayed ejaculation, and orgasmic difficulties are all potential side effects of using Abilify. Speak with your doctor if any sexual issues arise during treatment, as alternative therapies may be available.
• Dry mouth: Dry mouth is another common symptom experienced while taking Abilify. Dry mouth can lead to further complications including cavities and gum disease if left untreated. Drinking plenty of water throughout the day will help keep you hydrated, but you should speak with your healthcare provider about additional methods for managing dry mouth.

What is the Dosage of Abilify?

You should talk to your doctor for medical advice about Abilify dosage information, since everyone responds differently to medications. Generally speaking, Abilify is available as a prescription drug in several forms, including tablets, orally disintegrating tablets (ODT), solution or liquid form, intramuscular injection (IM), and extended-release injectable suspension (XRIS). The most common doses range from 2 mg/day to 30 mg/day, depending on the treated condition.

• For adults with schizophreniaor bipolar disorder: The recommended starting dose ranges from 10 mg/day to 15 mg/day. This may be increased to 30 mg daily based on individual response and tolerability.

• For children 6 years old or older with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: The recommended starting dose is typically 2 mg daily. It can be increased gradually over time until symptoms improve. Depending on their needs, some children may require higher doses of up to 20 mg daily.

• The IM injection form of Abilify should only be administered once every 2 weeks at an amount ranging from 25 mg – 75 mg, depending on patient weight and other factors.

• XRIS injections should only be administered once every 4 weeks at an initial dose of 150 mg, followed by 300 – 400 mg as needed based on individual response and tolerability levels.

How to Take Abilify?

Take Abilify as directed by your doctor. Do not skip a dose. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, but do not double up on doses. Abilify can be conveniently taken with or without food.

If you take Abilify tablets, do not crush, split, or break them. Do not chew them. Swallow them whole.

If you take liquid-form Abilify, measure it carefully and precisely. Use the dosing device provided by your pharmacy to ensure accurate dosing.

Are There Affordable Alternatives to Abilify?

While Abilify can be an effective treatment option for some mental health conditions, Abilify alternatives, including medications such as Seroquel, may be appropriate for others, depending on individual needs and response to treatment.

A psychiatric provider can help determine whether another medication may be a better fit.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants are medications commonly prescribed to treat depression and some anxiety-related conditions.

Common antidepressants include:

• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
• Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
• Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

These medications may help improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression or anxiety for some people. A healthcare provider can help discuss whether an antidepressant may be an appropriate option based on symptoms and treatment goals.

Mood stabilizers

Mood stabilizers are medications commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. They may help reduce the intensity of manic episodes and support more stable mood patterns.

Commonly prescribed mood stabilizers include:

• Lithium carbonate
• Valproic acid
• Carbamazepine
• Lamotrigine
• Oxcarbazepine
• Topiramate
• Gabapentin enacarbil
• Lurasidone hydrochloride

Atypical antipsychotics

Atypical antipsychotics are a newer class of antipsychotic medications. Compared to older antipsychotics, they may have different side effect profiles while still being used to treat symptoms such as hallucinations or delusions.

Examples of atypical antipsychotics include:

• Risperidone
• Olanzapine
• Quetiapine
• Ziprasidone

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines are medications sometimes prescribed for anxiety-related conditions or short-term sleep difficulties. They have sedative effects that can promote relaxation.

Common benzodiazepines include:

• Alprazolam
• Diazepam
• Chlordiazepoxide
• Clonazepam
• Lorazepam
• Temazepam
• Oxazepam

Additional Considerations for Abilify

Before starting a new medication, it's important to review potential substance and medication interactions with a healthcare provider. It can take some time to tell how well Abilify is working.

This is especially important because Abilify may interact with certain medications, including some antidepressants, antifungals, antibiotics, and heart rhythm medications. Some herbal supplements may also interact with Abilify.

Interactions

Several medications can interact with Abilify. Certain medications that cause drowsiness or slowed breathing may increase the risk when taken with Abilify. A healthcare provider can help review other medications and determine appropriate timing, since some may not be taken at the same time.

Abilify can have a significant interaction with Wellbutrin (bupropion). Other medications that may interact include (this list is not exhaustive):

• Clonazepam
• Cymbalta (duloxetine)
• Gabapentin
• Hydroxyzine
• Prozac (fluoxetine)
• Xanax (alprazolam)
• Zoloft (sertraline)

Limit or avoid consumption of alcohol when taking Abilify.

Warnings

• Dementia: People with dementia-related psychosis may have an increased risk of death when treated with Abilify. Abilify is not approved for use in older adults with dementia-related psychosis.
• Health condition risks: Abilify may increase the risk of high blood sugar or type 2 diabetes for some people. Ongoing monitoring by a healthcare provider may be recommended during treatment.
• Impulsivity: The FDA has linked Abilify to impulse-control concerns, including increased urges or behaviors, in some individuals.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: People who are pregnant or breastfeeding are encouraged to discuss the potential risks and benefits of Abilify with a healthcare provider. There may be considerations related to fetal development during pregnancy and medication exposure during breastfeeding.
• Impairment: Drowsiness or slowed reaction time can occur with Abilify. Activities such as driving or operating heavy machinery may require caution until you know how the medication affects you.

Most importantly, if you are taking Abilify, be cautious of stopping cold turkey. Abilify withdrawal symptoms can become severe. Make sure to talk to a healthcare professional first before starting or stopping any new medication.

Online Abilify Prescription Through Talkspace Psychiatry

If you’re navigating a mental health condition, Abilify may be one treatment option a psychiatric provider may consider, depending on your symptoms and medical history. It may help manage symptoms of depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, among other conditions.

Talkspace's online psychiatry services can provide comprehensive treatment plans tailored to your needs. Our experienced and qualified team of mental health professionals can guide and support you in managing mental health conditions so you can live a healthier life.

Talkspace provides telehealth and medication services that are both covered by insurance and cost-effective for those without insurance. Get connected with a licensed psychiatrist for help.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the most common side effect of Abilify?

Restlessness, also known as akathisia, is one of the most commonly reported side effects of Abilify. It may feel like inner agitation or an urge to move and can often be managed with dosage adjustments.

How long do Abilify side effects last?

Some mild side effects may improve within the first few weeks as your body adjusts. Persistent or severe symptoms should be discussed with a psychiatric provider.

Why is Abilify added to antidepressants?

Abilify may be added when depression symptoms haven’t improved enough with an antidepressant alone. This approach, known as augmentation, may enhance treatment response for some individuals.

At what time of the day should I take Abilify?

Abilify is typically taken once daily. Some people take it in the morning, while others take it in the evening, depending on how it affects energy or sleep.

What is Abilify most commonly prescribed for?

Abilify, or aripiprazole, is primarily prescribed to treat several mental health conditions, such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. By balancing certain chemicals in the brain, it helps manage symptoms like mood swings, delusions, and depression.

What does Abilify do for you?

Abilify works by altering the activity of serotonin and dopamine, which play essential roles in regulating mood and behavior. This can help reduce symptoms such as hallucinations, severe mood swings, and depressive episodes, aiding in better emotional regulation and mental clarity.

Is Abilify a good drug for anxiety?

Abilify is not primarily prescribed as an anxiety medication, but it may be used off-label in certain cases when anxiety symptoms occur alongside other conditions. A psychiatric provider can determine whether this approach is appropriate.

Can Abilify cause weight gain?

Yes, weight gain can be a side effect of Abilify, though it is generally less likely compared to other antipsychotics. Monitoring your diet and engaging in regular physical activity can help manage potential weight gain.

Does Abilify calm you down?

While taking Abilify, you’ll often feel calmer and more in control of your emotions. It helps to stabilize mood and can reduce feelings of agitation or distress, particularly in conditions like bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.

Is Abilify the same as Xanax?

No, Abilify and Xanax are not the same. Abilify is an antipsychotic used primarily to treat mood disorders and schizophrenia, while Xanax is a benzodiazepine that is most commonly used to treat anxiety disorders. They work in different ways and are often prescribed for different reasons.

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