{"id":8396,"date":"2021-05-07T15:45:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-07T15:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/?page_id=8396"},"modified":"2023-04-19T19:14:06","modified_gmt":"2023-04-19T19:14:06","slug":"obsessive-compulsive-disorder","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/obsessive-compulsive-disorder\/","title":{"rendered":"Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t<hr class=\"section-sidebar-visible\" \/>\r\n\t\t<!--section-reviewed -->\r\n\t\t<div class=\"section-reviewed-by section-sidebar-visible\">\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<!--media -->\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"media\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<!--media-right -->\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"media-left media-middle\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"image-thumbail\" style=\"background-image:url('https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/04\/cynthia-v-catchings-headshot-300x300.jpg');\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<!--media-right -->\r\n\t\t\t\t<!--media-body -->\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"media-body media-middle\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"reviewed-by-title\">Medically reviewed by<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"reviewed-by-author font-bold\" style=\"display:none;\">Cynthia Catchings<\/h6>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"reviewed-by-author font-bold\">Cynthia V. Catchings, LCSW-S<\/h6>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>Reviewed On: June 1, 2021<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<!--media-body -->\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>  \r\n\t\t\t<!--media -->\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<!--section-reviewed -->\r\n\r\n\t<hr class=\"section-sidebar-visible\" \/>\r\n\r\n\t\t\r\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<section class=\"treat-section\">\n\t<div class=\"container-new\">\n\t\t<h3>How to Treat Obsessive Compulsive Disorder<\/h3>\t\t<div class=\"treat-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"treat-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Treatment<\/h4><p><p>Treatment options for OCD include both therapy and medication. Oftentimes, the two treatment types are used in conjunction with each other for the best results. The type and duration of treatment will depend on the severity of the obsessions and compulsions, as well as the effect that they have on the person\u2019s quality of life.<\/p>\n<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/obsessive-compulsive-disorder\/how-to-treat\/\">Learn more<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"treat-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Therapy<\/h4><p><p>Therapy can be very helpful for people with OCD. It can help them work through their problems, learn new coping strategies, and tackle their obsessions and compulsive behaviors head on. Cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure therapy are two of the most common and effective types of therapy used for treating OCD.<\/p>\n<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/obsessive-compulsive-disorder\/therapy-treatment-types\/\">Learn more<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"treat-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Medication<\/h4><p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients with more severe symptoms often require psychiatric <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/obsessive-compulsive-disorder\/medications\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">OCD medication<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as well as therapy. There are a variety of medications available for treating obsessive compulsive disorder, and the patient\u2019s prescriber will determine which is the best fit for the individual based on their situation.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/obsessive-compulsive-disorder\/medications\/\">Learn more<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"treat-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Alternative Treatments<\/h4><p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">OCD symptoms can be managed through various natural remedies and alternative treatments. lifestyle changes and treatments to take into account. Mindfulness training is one of the most common alternative treatments for OCD.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/obsessive-compulsive-disorder\/natural-alternative-treatments\/\">Learn more<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\t<section class=\"faq section\" id=\"section-faq\">\n\t\t<div class=\"container-new\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"faq-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"javascript:;\">What are disorders related to OCD?<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The DSM-5 notes the presence of disorders that are related to obsessive compulsive disorder. Similarly to obsessive compulsive disorder, obsessive-compulsive related disorders are characterized by someone having obsessions and compulsions that cause distress and impact their life. However the difference is that these disorders each have unique distinguishing factors that set them apart and create enough criteria for them to be their own subtypes.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These obsessive-compulsive related disorders include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Excoriation (skin picking) disorder: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/blog\/excoriation-disorder-symptoms-management\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">skin picking disorders<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the patient has strong\u00a0 urges to pick their skin they can\u2019t ignore. They end up obsessively picking at their skin, sometimes for hours throughout the day. People with skin picking disorder might feel anxious or on edge before they pick, and then the picking provides feelings of pleasure and relief from anxiety. Sometimes, the picking is severe enough that it can cause scarring or tissue damage, which may even require medical attention and antibiotics. In many cases, skin picking disorder starts along with a dermatological condition like acne. It commonly co-occurs with anxiety and mood disorders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The behavior associated with trichotillomania is pulling hair out, whether it be from their head, eyebrows, eyelashes, or elsewhere. Within this disorder, there are two types of hair-pulling that have been identified: focused and automatic. Focused hair pulling is closer to an OCD compulsion, and the person is very aware that they\u2019re doing it. On the other hand, automatic hair pulling is done more automatically or subconsciously without the person being fully aware that they\u2019re doing it. Trichotillomania can result in hair loss, and the onset is usually in childhood or adolescence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> When someone has body dysmorphic disorder, they obsess over what they perceive to be physical flaws, whether they be about their body, facial features, or skin. The flaws that they see are distorted, and they may not even be perceived by other people. This obsession with flaws is accompanied by related repetitive behaviors. For example, they may constantly examine themselves in the mirror or practice excessive grooming. The onset of BDD is typically in adolescence. Body dysmorphic disorder commonly occurs with major depressive disorder or social anxiety disorder.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Hoarding disorder<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: People with hoarding disorder accumulate and keep an abnormal amount of items in their home. They have an intense need to keep all of their belongings, and they have an extremely difficult time parting with any of their belongings, which is why they have so much. This results in very cluttered living situations. Many people with hoarding disorder will continue to buy more and more items even though they know there is no space for them at their home. Typically, there are feelings of embarrassment and shame around hoarding, especially if other people see their home. The condition is chronic, usually starting in adolescence and continuing into adulthood.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>OCD-induced by a medication or due to another medical condition:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In some cases, obsessive compulsive disorder may be caused by medications or substances. For example, some studies have reported that certain antipsychotics may induce obsessive compulsive disorder in some patients. Medical conditions can also cause obsessive compulsive disorder. One example of this is Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/publications\/pandas\/index.shtml\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PANDAS<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another diagnosis to consider here is obsessive compulsive personality disorder. While it sounds very similar to obsessive compulsive disorder, there are clinical differences that set them apart from one another. It falls under the umbrella of personality disorders. People with obsessive compulsive personality disorder are extreme perfectionists and are fixated on doing everything their way, which is what they believe to be the only correct way. They may be preoccupied with lists, rules, and organization. Typically, they do not question themselves or feel ashamed of this obsession to do everything perfectly. Obsessive compulsive personality disorder can get in the way of relationships, especially in living situations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many people with obsessive compulsive disorder commonly also <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5427083\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">experience major depressive disorder<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (MDD). People living with either OCD or depression both experience anxious symptoms such as agitation, apprehension, and worry. Both of these conditions are also commonly treated by the same SSRI medications.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"javascript:;\">How prevalent is OCD?<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is estimated that about <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1.2% of adults<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> age 18 or over in the United States had obsessive-compulsive disorder in the past year. Females are more likely to have OCD than males are, with the prevalence being 1.8% for females and 0.5% for males. The impact that OCD has on someone\u2019s life can vary. Looking at the sample of people who had OCD in the past year, 50.6% of them said that they experienced serious impairment due to their condition, whereas 34.8% said they had a moderate impairment, and 14.6% only had mild impairment.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"javascript:;\">What are the best types of therapy for OCD?<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therapy can be very helpful for people with OCD. It can help them work through their problems, learn new coping strategies, and tackle their obsessions and compulsive behaviors head on.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/blog\/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-what-to-expect\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CBT <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is a type of psychotherapy that helps people learn to change their thought and behavioral patterns, as well as healthy ways to cope with their conditions. CBT will help someone identify what their unhelpful ways of thinking are and how they impact their behavior, and then create more helpful, healthy thoughts and in turn, healthy behaviors. Oftentimes CBT also includes learning about relaxation techniques. On top of the work done during therapy sessions, patients need to also put in work outside of the session for the best results. CBT can be very effective for various mental health conditions, such as anxiety and depression, not just OCD.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: ERP is an offshoot of CBT that\u2019s often used to help treat OCD. It involves the patient being exposed to things that are anxiety-inducing or trigger their obsessions (exposure). Then, the patient is prevented from carrying out the compulsion that usually goes along with the obsession (response prevention).<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, with the guidance of the trained professional, a patient with contamination obsessions will be exposed to a trigger such as shaking hands with someone or touching a doorknob that many other people have touched. Then, they would have to stop themselves from completing their excessive hand washing compulsion. Over time, this can help people become desensitized to their triggers.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"javascript:;\">What types of medication are used for OCD?<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The medications that treat OCD fall into the following four categories:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/blog\/ssri-drugs-antidepressant-medication\/\"><b>SSRIs<\/b><\/a><b>):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This is a class of antidepressant medications that can be used for treating OCD. These include citalopram (Celexa), <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/psychiatry\/medications\/lexapro\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">escitalopram (Lexapro)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/psychiatry\/medications\/prozac\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fluoxetine (Prozac)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, fluvoxamine (Luvox), <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/psychiatry\/medications\/paxil\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">paroxetine (Paxil)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and sertraline (Zoloft). These are the most commonly prescribed medications for OCD.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3140892\/\"><b>SNRIs<\/b><\/a><b>)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: This is a class of antidepressants similar to SSRIs. One SNRI in particular, venlafaxine (Effexor), has been shown in studies to help treat OCD.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: TCAs are an older class of antidepressants. One TCA, clomipramine (Anafranil), has been shown to be effective in treating OCD. In fact, it was the first medication that proved to benefit patients with OCD. However, the side effects and risks of clomipramine are greater than those of SSRIs and SNRIs, so it typically is not prescribed as a first line of treatment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Antipsychotics:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In cases where one antidepressant on its own isn\u2019t effectively providing relief, an antipsychotic may be added on to augment the effects. Risperidone (Risperdal) is the antipsychotic that\u2019s been studied the most for treatment of OCD, for example.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It should be noted that any of these types of medications take time to work. Patients may need to take an SSRI, for example, for 10-12 weeks before the medication takes full effect and really makes a difference in someone\u2019s symptoms.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Additionally, people with OCD typically require a higher dose of these medications than people who are taking the meds for another condition such as depression.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/section>\n\n\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n\t\t{\n\t\t  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n\t\t  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n\t\t  \"mainEntity\": [\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"name\": \"What are disorders related to OCD?\",\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The DSM-5 notes the presence of disorders that are related to obsessive compulsive disorder. Similarly to obsessive compulsive disorder, obsessive-compulsive related disorders are characterized by someone having obsessions and compulsions that cause distress and impact their life. However the difference is that these disorders each have unique distinguishing factors that set them apart and create enough criteria for them to be their own subtypes.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These obsessive-compulsive related disorders include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Excoriation (skin picking) disorder: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">With <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/blog\/excoriation-disorder-symptoms-management\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">skin picking disorders<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, the patient has strong\u00a0 urges to pick their skin they can\u2019t ignore. They end up obsessively picking at their skin, sometimes for hours throughout the day. People with skin picking disorder might feel anxious or on edge before they pick, and then the picking provides feelings of pleasure and relief from anxiety. Sometimes, the picking is severe enough that it can cause scarring or tissue damage, which may even require medical attention and antibiotics. In many cases, skin picking disorder starts along with a dermatological condition like acne. It commonly co-occurs with anxiety and mood disorders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: The behavior associated with trichotillomania is pulling hair out, whether it be from their head, eyebrows, eyelashes, or elsewhere. Within this disorder, there are two types of hair-pulling that have been identified: focused and automatic. Focused hair pulling is closer to an OCD compulsion, and the person is very aware that they\u2019re doing it. On the other hand, automatic hair pulling is done more automatically or subconsciously without the person being fully aware that they\u2019re doing it. Trichotillomania can result in hair loss, and the onset is usually in childhood or adolescence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> When someone has body dysmorphic disorder, they obsess over what they perceive to be physical flaws, whether they be about their body, facial features, or skin. The flaws that they see are distorted, and they may not even be perceived by other people. This obsession with flaws is accompanied by related repetitive behaviors. For example, they may constantly examine themselves in the mirror or practice excessive grooming. The onset of BDD is typically in adolescence. Body dysmorphic disorder commonly occurs with major depressive disorder or social anxiety disorder.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Hoarding disorder<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: People with hoarding disorder accumulate and keep an abnormal amount of items in their home. They have an intense need to keep all of their belongings, and they have an extremely difficult time parting with any of their belongings, which is why they have so much. This results in very cluttered living situations. Many people with hoarding disorder will continue to buy more and more items even though they know there is no space for them at their home. Typically, there are feelings of embarrassment and shame around hoarding, especially if other people see their home. The condition is chronic, usually starting in adolescence and continuing into adulthood.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>OCD-induced by a medication or due to another medical condition:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> In some cases, obsessive compulsive disorder may be caused by medications or substances. For example, some studies have reported that certain antipsychotics may induce obsessive compulsive disorder in some patients. Medical conditions can also cause obsessive compulsive disorder. One example of this is Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/publications\/pandas\/index.shtml\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">PANDAS<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another diagnosis to consider here is obsessive compulsive personality disorder. While it sounds very similar to obsessive compulsive disorder, there are clinical differences that set them apart from one another. It falls under the umbrella of personality disorders. People with obsessive compulsive personality disorder are extreme perfectionists and are fixated on doing everything their way, which is what they believe to be the only correct way. They may be preoccupied with lists, rules, and organization. Typically, they do not question themselves or feel ashamed of this obsession to do everything perfectly. Obsessive compulsive personality disorder can get in the way of relationships, especially in living situations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many people with obsessive compulsive disorder commonly also <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5427083\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">experience major depressive disorder<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (MDD). People living with either OCD or depression both experience anxious symptoms such as agitation, apprehension, and worry. Both of these conditions are also commonly treated by the same SSRI medications.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t  }\n\t\t\t\t\t},\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"name\": \"How prevalent is OCD?\",\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is estimated that about <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1.2% of adults<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> age 18 or over in the United States had obsessive-compulsive disorder in the past year. Females are more likely to have OCD than males are, with the prevalence being 1.8% for females and 0.5% for males. The impact that OCD has on someone\u2019s life can vary. Looking at the sample of people who had OCD in the past year, 50.6% of them said that they experienced serious impairment due to their condition, whereas 34.8% said they had a moderate impairment, and 14.6% only had mild impairment.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t  }\n\t\t\t\t\t},\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"name\": \"What are the best types of therapy for OCD?\",\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Therapy can be very helpful for people with OCD. It can help them work through their problems, learn new coping strategies, and tackle their obsessions and compulsive behaviors head on.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/blog\/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-what-to-expect\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">CBT <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">is a type of psychotherapy that helps people learn to change their thought and behavioral patterns, as well as healthy ways to cope with their conditions. CBT will help someone identify what their unhelpful ways of thinking are and how they impact their behavior, and then create more helpful, healthy thoughts and in turn, healthy behaviors. Oftentimes CBT also includes learning about relaxation techniques. On top of the work done during therapy sessions, patients need to also put in work outside of the session for the best results. CBT can be very effective for various mental health conditions, such as anxiety and depression, not just OCD.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: ERP is an offshoot of CBT that\u2019s often used to help treat OCD. It involves the patient being exposed to things that are anxiety-inducing or trigger their obsessions (exposure). Then, the patient is prevented from carrying out the compulsion that usually goes along with the obsession (response prevention).<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">For example, with the guidance of the trained professional, a patient with contamination obsessions will be exposed to a trigger such as shaking hands with someone or touching a doorknob that many other people have touched. Then, they would have to stop themselves from completing their excessive hand washing compulsion. Over time, this can help people become desensitized to their triggers.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t  }\n\t\t\t\t\t},\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"name\": \"What types of medication are used for OCD?\",\n\t\t\t\t\t  \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The medications that treat OCD fall into the following four categories:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/blog\/ssri-drugs-antidepressant-medication\/\"><b>SSRIs<\/b><\/a><b>):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> This is a class of antidepressant medications that can be used for treating OCD. These include citalopram (Celexa), <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/psychiatry\/medications\/lexapro\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">escitalopram (Lexapro)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/psychiatry\/medications\/prozac\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">fluoxetine (Prozac)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, fluvoxamine (Luvox), <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/psychiatry\/medications\/paxil\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">paroxetine (Paxil)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and sertraline (Zoloft). These are the most commonly prescribed medications for OCD.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3140892\/\"><b>SNRIs<\/b><\/a><b>)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: This is a class of antidepressants similar to SSRIs. One SNRI in particular, venlafaxine (Effexor), has been shown in studies to help treat OCD.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: TCAs are an older class of antidepressants. One TCA, clomipramine (Anafranil), has been shown to be effective in treating OCD. In fact, it was the first medication that proved to benefit patients with OCD. However, the side effects and risks of clomipramine are greater than those of SSRIs and SNRIs, so it typically is not prescribed as a first line of treatment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Antipsychotics:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> In cases where one antidepressant on its own isn\u2019t effectively providing relief, an antipsychotic may be added on to augment the effects. Risperidone (Risperdal) is the antipsychotic that\u2019s been studied the most for treatment of OCD, for example.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It should be noted that any of these types of medications take time to work. Patients may need to take an SSRI, for example, for 10-12 weeks before the medication takes full effect and really makes a difference in someone\u2019s symptoms.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Additionally, people with OCD typically require a higher dose of these medications than people who are taking the meds for another condition such as depression.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t  }\n\t\t\t\t\t},\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  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and secure therapy for OCD","cta-image":"%7B%22alt%22:%22%22,%22title%22:%22TS-CTA-Illustration-17%22,%22caption%22:%22%22,%22description%22:%7B%22raw%22:%22%22,%22rendered%22:%22%3Cp%20class=%5C%22attachment%5C%22%3E%3Ca%20href='https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/TS-CTA-Illustration-17.png'%3E%3Cimg%20width=%5C%22216%5C%22%20height=%5C%22300%5C%22%20src=%5C%22https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/TS-CTA-Illustration-17-216x300.png%5C%22%20class=%5C%22attachment-medium%20size-medium%5C%22%20alt=%5C%22%5C%22%20decoding=%5C%22async%5C%22%20srcset=%5C%22https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/TS-CTA-Illustration-17-216x300.png%20216w,%20https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/TS-CTA-Illustration-17.png%20464w%5C%22%20sizes=%5C%22(max-width:%20216px)%20100vw,%20216px%5C%22%20\/%3E%3C\/a%3E%3C\/p%3E%5Cn%22%7D,%22id%22:9859,%22link%22:%22https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/?attachment_id=9859%22,%22url%22:%22https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/mental-health\/conditions\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/TS-CTA-Illustration-17.png%22,%22sizes%22:%22%22%7D","cta-button-text":"Get started","cta-button-url":"https:\/\/match.talkspace.com\/flow\/90\/step\/1","types-title":"Types of OCD","types-short-description":"<p><span>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition that affects people in multiple ways. <\/span><span>There are several types of OCD that all overlap in symptoms but vary in how each person is affected. There are four main types of OCD commonly seen, but there are more than those on this list that may be less common. 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